Which of the following is essential for preventing electrocution in PV systems?

Proper grounding of the photovoltaic (PV) system is essential for preventing electrocution because it provides a pathway for electrical fault currents to flow safely to the ground, minimizing the risk of electric shock. Grounding helps ensure that in the event of a short circuit or failure, the excess current is directed away from individuals and equipment, thereby reducing the likelihood of injury or damage.

In the context of the NEC, grounding requirements are clearly defined to enhance safety, making sure that the PV system operates safely within its design parameters. Grounding not only protects personnel but also aids in the safe operation of overcurrent devices, ensuring that they function correctly under fault conditions.

While using non-conductive materials, implementing a backup power supply, and installing sensors can contribute to the overall safety and effectiveness of a PV system, they do not provide the direct and critical safety benefit that proper grounding offers. Grounding is fundamental in electrical systems and is a core safety requirement that significantly reduces the risk of electrocution.